Answer Book Valuation Using Semantic Similarity

Text-to-Text Semantic Similarity for Automatic Short Answer Grading

In this paper, we explore unsupervised techniques for the task of automatic short answer grading. We compare a number of knowledge-based and corpus-based measures of text similarity, evaluate the effect of domain and size on the corpus-based measures, and also introduce a novel technique to improve the performance of the system by integrating automatic feedback from the student answers. Overall...

Short Answer Grading Using String Similarity And Corpus-Based Similarity

Most automatic scoring systems use pattern based that requires a lot of hard and tedious work. These systems work in a supervised manner where predefined patterns and scoring rules are generated. This paper presents a different unsupervised approach which deals with students’ answers holistically using text to text similarity. Different String-based and Corpus-based similarity measures were tes...

Learning to Grade Short Answer Questions using Semantic Similarity Measures and Dependency Graph Alignments

In this work we address the task of computerassisted assessment of short student answers. We combine several graph alignment features with lexical semantic similarity measures using machine learning techniques and show that the student answers can be more accurately graded than if the semantic measures were used in isolation. We also present a first attempt to align the dependency graphs of the...

The library's legal answer book

Semantic Answer Validation using Universal Networking Language

we present a rule-based answer validation (AV) system based on textual entailment (TE) recognition mechanism that uses semantic features expressed in the Universal Networking Language (UNL). We consider the question as the TE hypothesis (H) and the supporting text as TE text (T). Our proposed TE system compares the UNL relations in both T and H in order to identify the entailment relation as ei...